This thematic areal links the social and physical sciences with planning, management and policy issues associated with the use of natural resources and the environment, particularly land and water. Examples include multiple resource needs and uses: stakeholder perceptions and decision-making; and social, economic, and environmental impacts of alternative policy or management options. Research is used to inform decisions made by public, private, and non-profit groups and to develop formal and non-formal environmental education efforts. Coursework, research, and outreach address local, regional, national, and international issues.